a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-5xy-y^2=1\\y\left(\sqrt{xy-2y^2}+\sqrt{4y^2-xy}\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

ĐKXĐ:...

\(\Rightarrow y\left(\sqrt{xy-2y^2}+\sqrt{4y^2-xy}\right)=2x^2-5xy-y^2\)

Từ giả thiết dễ thấy \(y\ne0\), chia cả 2 vế cho \(y^2\) ta được:

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy-2y^2}+\sqrt{4y^2-xy}}{y}=\dfrac{2x^2-5xy-y^2}{y^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{xy-2y^2}{y^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4y^2-xy}{y^2}}=2\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2-\dfrac{5x}{y}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}-2}+\sqrt{4-\dfrac{x}{y}}=2\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2-5\dfrac{x}{y}-1\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=t\) \(\left(2\le t\le4\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{t-2}+\sqrt{4-t}=2t^2-5t-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{t-2}-1+\sqrt{4-t}-1=2t^2-5t-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(2t+1\right)=\dfrac{t-3}{\sqrt{t-2}+1}+\dfrac{3-t}{\sqrt{4-t}+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(2t+1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{t-2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4-t}+1}\right)=0\)

Xét \(2t+1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{t-2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4-t}+1}=2t+\dfrac{\sqrt{t-2}}{\sqrt{t-2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4-t}+1}>0\forall t\)

\(\Rightarrow t-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=3\Leftrightarrow x=3y\)

Thế vào phương trình \(\left(1\right):2\cdot9y^2-5y\cdot3y-y^2-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\) do \(y>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)

Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+1=2\left(x^2-x+y\right)\\y^3+1=2\left(y^2-y+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trừ theo vế 2 phương trình ta được:

\(x^3-y^3=2\left(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+4\left(x-y\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-2\left(x+y\right)+4\right)=0\)

Xét phương trình \(x^2+x\left(y-2\right)+y^2-2y+4=0\)

\(\Delta_x=\left(y-2\right)^2-4\left(y^2-2y+4\right)=-3y^2+4y-8< 0\) nên phương trình vô nghiệm.

Do đó \(x=y\)

Thế vào phương trình \(\left(1\right):x^3+1=2x^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...

a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x-4y+12-3x+6y-9=48\\9x-12y+9+16x-8y-36=48\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>5x+2y=48-12+9=45 và 25x-20y=48+36-9=48+27=75

=>x=7; y=5

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+6y-2x+3y=8\\-5x+5y-3x-2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>4x+9y=8 và -8x+3y=5

=>x=-1/4; y=1

c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4x-2+1,5=3y-6-6x\\11,5-12+4x=2y-5+x\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>-4x-0,5=-6x+3y-6 và 4x-0,5=x+2y-5

=>2x-3y=-5,5 và 3x-2y=-4,5

=>x=-1/2; y=3/2

e: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\cdot2\sqrt{3}-y\sqrt{5}=2\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\cdot\sqrt{3}\\3x-y=3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(x=\sqrt{2};y=\sqrt{3}\)

\(ĐK:y\left(x-2y\right)\ge0;y\left(4y-x\right)\ge0\)

Ta thấy \(y=0\) ko phải nghiệm của HPT

Với \(y\ne0\)

\(HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1=2x^2-5xy-y^2\\1=y\sqrt{xy-2y^2}+\sqrt{4y^2-xy}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-5xy-y^2=y\sqrt{xy-2y^2}+\sqrt{4y^2-xy}\\ \Leftrightarrow2\cdot\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}-5\cdot\dfrac{x}{y}-1=\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}-2}+\sqrt{4-\dfrac{x}{y}}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=a\left(y\ne0\right)\)

\(PT\Leftrightarrow2a^2-5a-1=\sqrt{a-2}+\sqrt{4-a}\left(2\le a\le4\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2a^2-5a-3\right)+\left(1-\sqrt{a-2}\right)+\left(1-\sqrt{4-a}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(2a+1\right)-\dfrac{a-3}{1+\sqrt{a-2}}+\dfrac{a-3}{1+\sqrt{4-a}}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-3\right)\left(2a+1-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{a-2}}+\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{4-a}}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\left(tm\right)\\2a+\dfrac{\sqrt{a-2}}{\sqrt{a-2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4-a}+1}=0\left(\text{*}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(a\ge2\Leftrightarrow\left(\text{*}\right)\text{ vô nghiệm}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=3\Leftrightarrow x=3y\)

Thay vào \(PT\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow18y^2=1+15y^2+y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2x+5y=-5\\2x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8y=0\\2x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5}{2}\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)